Sleep Apnea
 Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. This condition can disrupt restful sleep and lead to several health problems if left untreated. There are three main types of sleep apnea: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and complex (or mixed) sleep apnea syndrome. While each type has different causes, all types lead to insufficient oxygen levels during sleep and contribute to daytime fatigue, poor concentration, and other health risks.
Types of Sleep Apnea
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): This is the most common form of sleep apnea and occurs when the muscles in the throat relax excessively during sleep, causing the airway to narrow or close. As a result, breathing stops momentarily, often followed by a gasping or choking sounds as the body resumes normal breathing. OSA is often associated with snoring, as the restricted airflow causes tissue in the throat to vibrate.
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Central Sleep Apnea (CSA): In CSA, the brain fails to send appropriate signals to the muscles responsible for breathing. This type of sleep apnea is less common and often linked to other medical conditions, such as heart failure or certain neurological disorders.
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Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Also known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnea, this form occurs when someone has both OSA and CSA. |
Symptoms of Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea symptoms vary but often include:
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Loud snoring (especially in OSA)
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Episodes of stopped breathing during sleep
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Gasping, choking, or snorting sounds while sleeping
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Waking up with a dry mouth or sore throat
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Morning headaches
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Daytime fatigue or drowsiness
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Difficulty concentrating and irritability |
While snoring is a common symptom of sleep apnea, not everyone who snores has the condition. If breathing interruptions occur during sleep or if there's significant daytime fatigue, it is worth considering undergoing a sleep study for a proper diagnosis.
Health Risks of Untreated Sleep Apnea
Sleep apnea not only affects sleep quality but also poses long-term health risks. Untreated sleep apnea can lead to:
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Heart Problems: Repeated oxygen deprivation can put strain on the heart, leading to high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
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Type 2 Diabetes: Studies have linked sleep apnea to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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Liver Issues: People with sleep apnea are more likely to experience liver abnormalities, including fatty liver disease.
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Mood Disorders: Chronic sleep deprivation from untreated sleep apnea can contribute to depression, anxiety, and irritability. |
Treatment Options for Sleep Apnea
Treatment for sleep apnea depends on the type and severity of the condition. Common options include:
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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP): CPAP therapy is the most common and effective treatment for OSA. A CPAP machine delivers a steady stream of air through a mask, keeping the airway open throughout the night.
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Oral Appliance Therapy: For those with mild to moderate OSA, an oral appliance designed by a dentist may present an effective alternative to CPAP. The appliance repositions the jaw and tongue to keep the airway open.
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Lifestyle Changes: Losing weight, avoiding alcohol before bedtime, and sleeping on one's side can help reduce the severity of OSA.
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Surgery: In severe cases, surgical options like removing excess tissue or repositioning the jaw are sometimes considered to widen the airway. |
If you think you may be suffering from sleep apnea, give us a call at (737) 355-6213 to schedule an appointment where we can get you evaluated. |
